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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 1
Owner’s Manual & Reference GPS 12XL Personal Navigator ® GPS 12XL Manual Rev C 7/10/98 11:18 AM Page 1 ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 2
Software V ersion 3.0 or above © 1997 GARMIN Corporation 1200 E. 151st Street, Olathe, Kansas 66062 USA T el: 913-397-8200 or 800-800-1020 Fax: 913-397-8282 GARMIN (Europe) Ltd. Unit 5, The Quadrangle, Abbey Park, Romsey , Hampshire SO51 9AQ UK T el: 011-44-1794-519944 Fax: 011-44-1794-519222 W eb Site Address: www .garmin.com All rights reserved. ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 3
GPS 12XL Operator’s Manual Thank you for choosing the GARMIN GPS 12XL —the smallest, easi- est-to-use GPS navigator for outdoor use! The GPS 12XL represents GARMIN’ s continuing commitment to provide quality navigation informa- tion in a versatile and user -friendly flexible design you’ll enjoy for years. T o get the most from your new GPS, ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 4
Caution INTRODUCTION ii The GPS system is operated by the government of the United States, which is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance. The system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equipment. Although the GPS 12XL is a precision electr onic NA Vigation AID (NA V AID), any NA V AID can ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 5
1 INTRODUCTION T able of Contents SECTION ONE Introduction Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3 SECTION TWO Getting Started Battery & Remote Antenna Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 Keypad Usage & Data Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 6
Glossar y INTRODUCTION 2 The GPS 12XL is a powerful navigation tool that can guide you anywhere in the world. T o better understand its operation and capabilities, it may be helpful to review the basic terms and concepts briefly explained below . Other navigation and GPS definitions used in the manual are defined in the appropriate r eference secti ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 7
3 INTRODUCTION Glossar y Grid Coordinate system that pr ojects the earth on a flat surface, using square zones for position measurements. UTM/UPS and Maidenhead formats are grid systems. Ground Speed The velocity you are traveling relative to a gr ound position. Latitude The north/south measurement of position perpendicular to the earth’ s polar ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 8
Battery Installation The GPS 12XL operates on 4 AA batteries (includ- ed), which are installed at the base of the unit. These batteries provide up to 12 hours of use. T o install the batteries: 1. Remove the battery cover by turning the thumb loop at the bottom of the unit 1/4 turn counter - clockwise. 2. Insert the batteries into position. The bat ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 9
5 DA T A ENTR Y The arr ow keypad is used for all data entry . Use the U and D keys to select letters, numbers, and menu options; use the L and R keys to move the cur- sor forwar d or back- war d along the line. Pr ess E to confir m your entry . INTRODUCTION Keypad Usage & Data Entr y B T urns the unit on and off and activates screen backlighti ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 10
Primary Pages Before we start the tour , let’ s briefly look at the five primary information pages used for the GPS 12XL. Switch between pages by pressing either the Q or J keys. Satellite Page The Satellite Page shows satellite positions and signal strength. Satellite positions are displayed using two circles and a center point. The outer cir cl ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 11
Map Page The Map Page acts as a window . It allows you to view your position, the “path” you have traveled over , and nearby waypoints. A diamond icon in the center of the screen repr e- sents your current position. As you move, you will see a thin line - called a track log - appear along the path you have just covered. Names of stored waypoint ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 12
Getting Started T our Now that you’ve seen the primary pages, let’ s get started by taking a simple tour to show you the basics about using your GPS 12XL. The tour assumes that your unit has been turned on and that none of the fac- tory settings ( units of measure, selectable fields, etc.) have been changed. If these settings have been changed, ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 13
Using the Position Page W alk for 3-4 minutes and watch the Position Page. The direction you are moving (track), your speed, trip distance, and altitude are shown on the upper half of the screen. The latitude and longitude of your position are displayed in the middle of the page, with the time of day shown below . Let’ s continue by moving to the ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 14
Compass Page Whenever you select a destination waypoint, the GPS 12XL provides graphic steering guidance with the Compass Page (the default navigation page). The “com- pass ring” in the middle of the page shows your course over ground while you’r e moving, with a pointer arrow to the destination displayed in the center . The arrow shows the d ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 15
Clearing a Cluttered Map Display After you’ve used the GPS 12XL for a few trips, you may find that your map display has become a bit messy from keeping track of your every move. For practice, let’ s clean up the screen by clearing the track log (the plot points left on the Map Page) we’ve just created during the Getting Started tour . 1. Pres ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 16
Satellite Page The GPS 12XL ’ s Satellite Page displays the status of various receiver functions. The status information will help you understand what the GPS 12XL is doing at any given time, and will tell you whether or not the receiver has calculated a position fix. Sky View and Signal Strength Bars The sky view and signal strength bars give yo ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 17
Receiver Status Receiver status is indicated at the top left of the page, with the current horizontal accuracy (estimated position error , in feet or meters) at the top right. The status will be shown as one of the following conditions: Searching— the GPS 12XL is looking for any available satellites in view . AutoLocate— the GPS 12XL is initial ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 18
Battery Level Indicator The Satellite Page also features a battery level indi- cator , located to the left of the sky view , which displays the strength of the unit’ s batteries. The batter y indicator will not appear if the receiver is using external power . The battery level indicator is calibrated for alkaline batteries. V oltage differences w ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 19
Position Page The second page in the GPS 12XL ’ s primary page sequence is the Position Page. This page shows you where you are, what dir ection you’re heading, and how fast you’re going, and it’ s most useful when you are traveling without an active destination waypoint. The graphic heading display at the top of the page indicates the dire ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 20
T o reset timer , speed measurement, or odometer: 1. Highlight the user -selectable field, and press E . 2. Press E to confirm or Q to exit. The trip odometer , trip timer , and average speed fields are linked. Resetting one of these options in a user -selectable field will automatically reset the corre- sponding data in the other . This ensures th ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 21
Marking a Position The GPS 12XL allows you to mark and store up to 500 position as waypoints. A waypoint can be entered by taking an instant electronic fix, by manually enter- ing coordinates (pg. 20), or by using the bearing and distance to a known position (pg. 20). T o mark your present position: 1. Press M . The mark position page will appear , ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 22
W aypoint Pages The GPS 12XL has three waypoint pages that let you quickly manage up to 500 waypoints. These pages—nearest waypoints, waypoint list, and waypoint definition—can be accessed through the Menu Page. T o select a waypoint page: 1. Access the Menu Page, and highlight a waypoint page option. 2. Press E . Nearest W aypoints Page The ne ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 23
W aypoint List Page (continued) An options page will appear , asking if you want to delete all user -defined waypoints or if you want to delete waypoints by symbol type. 1. Highlight either ‘ALL ’ or ‘SYMBOL ’, and press E . If you highlight ‘SYMBOL,’ you’ll be asked to select a symbol. 1. Select the symbol to be deleted, and press E ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 24
W aypoint Definition Page The waypoint definition page lets you create new waypoints manually or review and edit an existing way- point’ s coor dinates, symbols, and comments. It is also used to delete an individual waypoint from memory (see pg. 22). T o create a new waypoint manually , you’ll need to know its position coordinates or its appr o ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 25
Reference W aypoints (cont.) 3. Highlight the ‘REF’ field, and press E . 4. Enter a reference waypoint name (or leave the field blank to use your present position), and press E . 5. Enter the bearing and distance of your new waypoint from the reference waypoint. 6. Press E to confirm the ‘DONE?’ prompt. W aypoint Symbols The GPS 12XL allows ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 26
Renaming and Deleting W aypoints The rename and delete function fields are located along the bottom side of the waypoint definition page. T o rename a stored waypoint: 1. Highlight ‘RENAME?’, and press E . 2. Enter the new waypoint name, and press E . 3. Press E to confirm the ‘Y es?’ prompt. T o delete a stored waypoint: 1. Highlight ‘DE ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 27
Selecting a GOTO Destination The GPS 12XL provides four ways to navigate to a destination: GOTO, MOB, T racBack, and route naviga- tion. The most basic method of selecting a destination is the GOTO function, which lets you choose any stored waypoint as the destination and quickly sets a direct course fr om your present position. T o activate the GO ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 28
T racBack Navigation GARMIN’ s patented T racBack feature allows you to quickly retrace your path using the track log automati- cally stored in the receiver . This feature eliminates the need to mark waypoints along the way and manually create and activate a r oute back to where you began your trip. Three track recor ding options are available: O ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 29
Tips On the T racBack Feature • Always clear your track log at the exact point that you want to go back to (trail head, truck, etc.). • The ‘RECORD’ option on the track log setup page can be set to either the ‘WRAP’ or ‘FILL ’ positions. • There must be at least two track log points stor ed in memory to create a T racBack route. ? ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 30
Route Navigation The last form of navigating to a destination with the GPS 12XL is by creating a user -defined route. The r oute navigation feature lets you plan and navigate a course from one place to another using a set of pr e-defined waypoints. Routes are often used when it’ s not practical, safe, or possible to navigate a direct course to a ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 31
Route Definition Page The last form of navigating to a destination with the GPS 12XL is by creating a user -defined route. The GPS 12XL lets you create and store up to 20 r outes of 30 waypoints each. The route navigation featur e lets you plan and navi- gate a course from one place to another using a set of pre-defined waypoints. Routes are often ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 32
Creating and Navigating Routes T o create a route fr om the route definition page: 1. Highlight the ‘ROUTE:’ field, and press E . 2. Enter a route number , and press E . (Only open routes will be available.) 3. Press E to begin entry of a route comment. 4. Enter your comment, and press the E key . 5. Enter the first waypoint of your route, and ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 33
Active Route Page Once a route has been activated, the active r oute page will display the waypoint sequence of your route with the estimated time enroute (ETE) at your pr esent speed and the distance to each waypoint. As long as you are navigating an active r oute, the active route page will become part of the main page sequence of the unit. The a ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 34
Editing Routes A route can be edited any time after its cr eation. T o edit a route fr om the active route page or the route definition page: 1. Select the waypoint you want to edit, and press E . An on-screen menu of editing choices will appear , with options for reviewing, inserting, deleting, or changing the waypoint field highlighted. This fiel ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 35
Selecting a User -Defined Navigation Page Once you’ve selected a GOTO destination or acti- vated a T racBack, MOB, or route, the GPS 12XL will provide graphic steering guidance to the destination with one of two navigation pages: •The Compass Page (default) provides a dir ec- tional pointer to the destination, with a rotating compass display to ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 36
Selecting a User -Defined Navigation Page (cont.) The ‘ETE’ field, located in the middle-bottom of both pages, is a user -selectable field that allows you to display a variety of navigation values for your trip. T o access the user -selectable field: 1. Highlight ‘ETE’, and press E . 2. Use the keypad to scroll through the possible options. ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 37
Using the Compass Page The Compass Page provides better steering guid- ance than the Highway Page for travel at slower speeds (ex. walking) and for travel with many directional changes. The bearing (BRG) and distance (DST) to the way- point are displayed at the top of the page, below the destination waypoint name. The distance displayed is the stra ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 38
Using the Highway Page The GPS 12XL ’ s Highway Page pr ovides graphic steering guidance to a destination waypoint, with a greater emphasis on the straight-line desired course and the distance and direction you are of f course. The bear- ing and distance to a waypoint - along with your cur- rent track and speed - are displayed at the top of the s ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 39
Map Page The Map Page shows your position and surround- ings, and provides you with a tar get cursor that lets you pan ahead to nearby waypoints, determine the dis- tance and bearing to a map position, and mark new waypoints while you navigate. The Map Page is broken down into two sections: control fields and map section. The zoom function, panning ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 40
Zooming, Panning, and Configuring There are four main functions you can perform fr om the Map Page— zooming, pointing, panning, and con- figuring (changing the map and track setup). Each of these functions has its own “field”, which may be select- ed and activated for use. Whenever the Map Page first appears, the zoom field (at the top left) ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 41
Zooming, Panning, and Configuring (cont.) From the waypoint definition page, you can also define how each individual waypoint is displayed on the map. The GPS 12XL displays waypoints as a name with a corresponding symbol (e.g., “nearest fuel” and a gas pump symbol), a symbol only (e.g., a fish symbol), or a 16-character comment and correspondin ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 42
Using the Cursor to Mark and Go to (cont.) Y ou can also use the target crosshair as an instant GOTO destination. This feature is similar to the MOB mode, and will allow you to mark and instantly set a course for a new waypoint called ‘MAP’. T o go to the target crosshair: 1. Press G , and press E . T o save the MAP waypoint, be sure to r ename ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 43
Map Setup Page and Orientation (cont.) • ’Nearest’— shows the nine nearest waypoints to your position (black diamond) on the map. • ’Names’— displays the waypoint name for the nine nearest waypoints. • ’T rack Log’— displays and plots track points on the map. T o tur n a map item on or off: 1. Highlight ‘YES’ or ‘NO’ ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 44
Managing and Clearing the T rack Log The rest of the track setup window displays the per- centage of available memory currently used to store track log data, as well as function fields to clear the track log memory and activate the T racBack feature. T o clear the track log: 1. Highlight ‘CLEAR LOG?’, and press E . 2. Highlight ‘Y es?’, and ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 45
System Setup The system setup page is used to select the operat- ing mode, time offset, and scr een preferences. The GPS 12XL has two operating modes: • Normal Mode operates the unit at maximum performance, and provides battery life of up to 12 hours on alkaline batteries. • Simulator Mode allows you to operate the unit without acquiring satell ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 46
Screen Contrast The GPS 12XL has adjustable screen contrast con- trolled by an on-scr een bar scale. T o set the screen contrast: 1. Highlight the ‘CONTRAST’ field, and press E . 2. Adjust the bar scale to the desired contrast, and press E . Note: The screen contrast can also be adjusted by pressing the r ocker keypad while on the Satellite Pag ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 47
Navigation Setup The navigation setup submenu page is used to select units of measurement for position formats, map datums, CDI scale, units, and heading information. Position Formats The default position format for the GPS 12XL is lat- itude and longitude in degrees and minutes (hdddºmm.mmm’). Y ou may also select degrees, min- utes and seconds ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 48
Map Datums (continued) T o define a user datum: 1. Highlight the ‘MAP DA TUM’ field, and press E . 2. Scroll through the map datum options until ‘User’ appears, and press E . 3. Enter values for ‘DX’, ‘DY’, ‘DZ’, ‘DA ’, and ‘DF’ using the rocker keypad, and press E . 4. Highlight ‘SA VE?’, and press E . The setup men ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 49
Interface Setup The GPS 12XL ’ s interface page lets you specify the formats for connecting external devices. There are six options: GRMN/GRMN, None/None, R TCM/None, R TCM/NMEA , NMEA/NMEA, and None/NMEA. Each option lists the input format first, followed by the out- put format. T o select I/O format: 1. Highlight the I/O field, and press E . 2. ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 50
DGPS Interface (continued) T o enter a DGPS beacon frequency: 1. Highlight the ‘FREQ’ field, and press E . 2. Enter the desired frequency , and press E . 3. Highlight the ‘RA TE’ field, and press E . 4. Select the desired transmission rate, and press E . When the GPS 12XL is receiving DGPS corrections from the GBR 21, the ‘BEACON RECVR’ ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 51
Navigation Simulator The GPS 12XL ’ s simulator mode lets you practice all aspects of its operation without active satellite acquisi- tion. Y ou can plan and practice trips, enter new way- points and routes, and save them for use during nor- mal operation. T o activate the simulator: 1. From the Menu Page, highlight ‘SYSTEM SETUP’, and press ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 52
Initializing Y our GPS 12XL for First-Time Use The GPS 12XL typically acquires a position so fast that initialization is completed automatically . However , initialization will be necessary for the following: • After memory loss • When the receiver has been moved mor e than 500 miles with the power off. Additionally , it may be necessary to ini ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 53
T o initialize the receiver: 1. If the ‘COUNTRY’ option is not highlighted, press the D key repeatedly to move the field highlight to the ‘COUNTRY’ option. 2. Press the E key . 3. Use the D key to scroll through the list options until the country of your present position appears. 4. Use the U key to highlight the country/state/region you’ ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 54
Specifications & Wiring APPENDIX B 50 Never attempt any repairs yourself. T o pr otect your GPS 12XL, keep it in its carrying case when not in use, and never allow gaso- line or other solvents to come into contact with the case. Clean the case and lens with a soft cloth and a household window cleaner . PHYSICAL Case: waterproof* Size: 14.6 x 5. ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 55
APPENDIX B Specifications & Wiring DATA IN (WHITE) POWER (RED) GROUND (BLACK) DATA OUT (BROWN) Three optional cables are available to connect the GPS 12XL to an external power source or interface with another unit or PC: • Cigarette Lighter Adapter— Allows connection to a 12-volt DC cigar ette lighter plug. Part No. 010-10085-00. • Data T ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 56
Messages & Time Offsets APPENDIX C The GPS 12XL uses a flashing on-screen message indi- cator to alert you to important information. Whenever the message indicator appears, press P AGE to view the mes- sage page. There are two types of messages: temporary alerts and condition alerts. T emporary alerts are cleared from the message page after vie ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 57
APPENDIX C Messages & Time Offsets R TCM Input has Failed— DGPS data being r eceived has been lost. Y ou are no longer receiv- ing the beacon signal. Searching the Sky— The GPS 12XL is in sear ching the sky for almanac data or the unit is in AutoLocate TM mode. Stored Data was Lost— All waypoints, routes, time and almanac data has been lo ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 58
Map Datums APPENDIX D 54 The following list shows the map datums available for the GPS 12XL. Menu abbreviations are listed first, fol- lowed by the corresponding map datum name and area. The default map datum for the GPS 12XL is WGS 84. Adindan Adindan- Ethiopia, Mali, Senegal, Sudan Afgooye Afgooye- Somalia AIN EL ABD ‘70 AIN EL ANBD 1970- Bahra ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 59
Mahe 1971 Mahe 1971- Mahe Island Marco Astr o Marco Astr o- Salvage Island Massawa Massawa- Eritrea (Ethiopia) Merchich Mer chich- Morocco Midway Ast ‘61 Midway Astro ‘61- Midway Minna Minna- Nigeria NAD27 Alaska North American 1927- Alaska NAD27 Bahamas North American 1927- Bahamas (excluding San Salvador Island) NAD27 Canada North American 19 ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 60
A Acquisition T ime . . . . . . .50 Activating a Route . . . . . .28 Active Route Page . . . . . .29 Acquiring a position . . . . .48 Alkaline batteries . . . . . . .50 Altitude (AL T) . . . . . . . . .15 AutoLocate™ . . . . . . . . . .48 A verage Speed (A VSPD) . .15 B Battery Installation . . . . . . .4 Battery Level . . . . . . . . . .14 Batte ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 61
M Mag. Heading Reference . .44 Man Overboard Function .23 Map Cursor . . . . . . . . . . .37 Map Datums . . . . . . .43, 54 Map Orientation . . . . . . .38 Map Page . . . . . . . . .7, 9, 35 Map Setup . . . . . . . . . . . .38 Marking a Position . . . . . . .8 Maximum Speed . . . . . . .16 Maximum Speed (MXSPD) 15 Menu Page . . . . . . . . . .7, 40 ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 62
T T ime Format . . . . . . . . . .41 T ime Offset . . . . . . . . . . .53 T racBack Navigation . . . . .24 T racBack T ips . . . . . . . . .25 T rack Log Display . . .24, 39 T rack Method . . . . . . . . .39 T rack Setup . . . . . . . . . . .39 T rip T imer (TTIME) . . . . .15 T r oubleshooting . . . . . . . .49 T urn (TRN) . . . . . . . . . . .32 ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 63
LIMITED W ARR ANTY GARMIN Corporation warrants this product to be free fr om defects in materials and workmanship for one year from the date of purchase. GARMIN will at its sole option, r epair or replace any com- ponents which fail in normal use. Such repairs or replacement will be made at no charge to the customer for parts or labor . The cus- to ...
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Garmin GPS 12XL - page 64
© 1997 GARMIN Corporation 1200 E. 151st Street, Olathe, KS USA 66062 GARMIN (Europe) Ltd. - Unit 5, The Quadrangle, Abbey Park, Romsey , Hampshire, SO51 9AQ, UK Part Number 190-00134-00 Rev . C Printed in T aiwan ® GPS 12XL Manual Rev C 7/10/98 11:19 AM Page 60 ...
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